ملخصات الابحاث

المجالات البحثية

ABSTRACT Background: Chromium is generated as a waste product from different industries. Its reproductive toxicity has been addressed in many studies that considered oxidative stress the main contributing factor for such toxicity. Selenium is essential for male reproductive health and crucially involved in regulation of cellular redox status. Aim: To elucidate the potential impacts of potassium dichromate (PDC) on the structure of the epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicles and to investigate the efficacy of selenium on counteracting these impacts. Methods: Thirty-six adult male rats were assigned into four groups: control, selenium, PDC, and PDC+selenium. The animals were subjected for a treatment period of four weeks. At the end of experimental period, blood and semen samples, epididymides, prostates and seminal vesicles were collected and processed for biochemical, morphological and immunohistochemical analyses. Results: PDC administration significantly deteriorated sperm parameters and triggered alteration of cellular redox homeostasis, evidenced by increased serum malonaldehyde levels with decreased enzymatic activity of the antioxidants: superoxide dismutase and catalase. Furthermore, PDC significantly unregulated the expression of the serum inflammatory markers; nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleuken-1beta. Microscopically, all the examined tissues of PDC-treated rats displayed deteriorated microarchitecture as well as elevated 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and microtubuleassociated protein light chain3 immunoexpression, indicating increased oxidative DNA damage and autophagy activity. Selenium supplements to PDC-treated rats effectively alleviated all the tested parameters. Conclusion: Selenium supplements could effectively mitigate PDC-induced damage of the epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicles through counteracting oxidative stress, and reducing NF-κB activation and excessive autophagy evoked by PDCSELENIUM COULD ALLEVIATE POTASSIUM DICHROMATE-INDUCED EPIDIDYMAL, PROSTATIC AND SEMINAL VESICLE CHANGES IN ADULT RATS: POTENTIAL ROLE OF INHIBITING NF-ΚB PATHWAY
ABSTRACT Background: Hyperglycemia associated with the diabetes mellitus (DM) commonly results in structural abnormalities and hyposalivation in the parotid glands. An antioxidant action in a potent multivitamin called Antox (ANX) aids in reducing oxidative stress. Aim of study: The current study examined the role of ANX in preventing complications from diabetes in the parotid gland, as well as its potential mechanisms. Material and methods: 36 rats were randomly divided into six groups; each group contained six rats. Group 1 (Negative (-ve) control): the rats received only regular food and water. Group 2 (vehicle group): rats received a single i.p. dose of citrate buffer as a vehicle. Group 3: rats were given ANX by oral gavage with a polyethylene canula 0.5 mm in a volume not to exceed 0.3 ml/100 gm at a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. Group 4 (Diabetic/ DM): rats received a single i.p. dose of 50 mg/kg of STZ dissolved in citrate buffer. Group 5 (DM+ Insulin): rats received a single i.p. dose of 50 mg/kg of STZ dissolved in citrate buffer and insulin (Mixtard 30/70; Novo Nordisk) 1 U/100 gm once daily subcutaneous (S.C.). Group 6 (DM+ Insulin + ANX): rats received a single i.p. dose of 50 mg/kg of STZ and insulin 1 U/100 gm /day/S.C. then received ANX orally in a dose of 10 mg/kg/day. All medications were given for 4 weeks. Rats were anaesthetized, and the parotid tissues were obtained for biochemical analysis to measure Malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), reduced glutathione (GSH), and nitric oxide (NO), for Histopathological examination (Hematoxylin and Eosin staining, Masson trichrome stain) and immunohistochemistry using (8-OHdG, α-SMA and BAX). Results: Remarkably, co-administration of ANX with insulin significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and increased expression of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) while enhancing the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Additionally, compared to the diabetic rat group and the diabetic group receiving insulin, the combination of ANX and insulin resulted in a considerably decreased expression of Bcl-2, Associated X-protein (Bax) and Smooth muscle alphaactin (α-SMA), with significant reduction in interleukin-1beta (IL1β) level in relation to diabetic group. Conclusion: In comparison to insulin administration alone, co-delivery of ANX with insulin throughout diabetes treatment was more effective in preserving the structure and function of the parotid glandHISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL STUDY ON THE POSSIBLE AMELIORATING EFFECTS OF ANTOX ON THE PAROTID GLAND OF RATS WITH STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1
BACKGROUND: Gentamicin is widely used broad spectrum aminoglycoside antibiotic. Despite its beneficial effects, gentamicin has considerable nephrotoxic effects. Salicylic acid is a phenolic compound that has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effect. It has also antioxidant activity that can counteract oxidative damages induced by adverse conditions in animals. OBJECTIVES: The work aims to detect the harmful changes in the rat kidney that occur after administration of gentamicin and to determine whether salicylic acid treatment attenuates gentamicin - induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty healthy adult male Wister albino rats were obtained from the breading animal house, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University. These animals were divided randomly and equally in to five groups. Each group contains ten rats. Group 1: Included control animals. Group 2: Included salicylic acid-treated animals. Group 3: Included gentamicin-treated animals. Group 4: Included animals treated with salicylic and gentamicin at the same time. Group 5: Included animals treated with gentamicin and remain for recovery. The rats were anesthetized with ether inhalation and sacrificed. The kidneys were removed and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. RESULTS: The histological study revealed that gentamicin causes severe nephrotoxicity. Exposure to gentamicin caused necrosis of tubular epithelial cells. The glomeruli were also affected. On the other hand, salicylic acid administration protected kidney tissue against the nephrotoxic effect caused by gentamicin treatment. Recovery from gentamicin treatment could occur spontaneously but it was slow and incomplete. CONCLUSION: Gentamicin administration leads to harmful changes in the structure of the rat kidney. Spontaneous recovery could occur but it is slow and incomplete. These nephrotoxic changes can be protected by co-therapy with salicylic acid
Background: The cerebellum is the second largest part of the mammalian brain. It is a key regulator of coordinated sensory and musculoskeletal actions. The cerebellar cortex has a striking morphology consisting of folia and fissures and a variety of cells which are morphologically and functionally different, so it’s considered as an ideal model to study the development of the central nervous system in the mammals. The Objectives: The aim of this work was to study the prenatal and postnatal development of the albino rat cerebellar cortex considering its structure and maturation. Material And Methods: 35 healthy, non-pregnant female and 18 male albino rats weighing (200-250 g) were obtained from the animal house, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University. After mating and pregnancy, the rat embryos and offsprings were divided into 3 groups and 6 subgroups; Group A (11th, 16th&20th fetal rats), Group B (7th, 14th &21st postnatal days rats) and Group C (3 months old rats). The fetal rats (11th and 16th) were fixed as whole, while the remaining prenatal, postnatal and adult rats were dissected to obtain cerebella, which were processed for light and electron microscopic examinations, morphometric and immunohistochemical studies. Results: Albino rats at prenatal day 11 (E11) showed formation of the neural tube from the ectodermal layer. Albino rats at prenatal day 16 (E16) showed a demarcated cerebellar anlage (rhombic lip ( at the dorsal part of the metencephalon. The cerebellar cortex at prenatal day 20 (E 20) showed appearance of the general architecture. From outwards to inwards, it consisted of external granular, molecular, Purkinje cell, internal granular layers. Thickness of the external granular layer was maximum at postnatal day 7 (D7) then gradually decreased with age till disappearance in adult age. The molecular layer showed a gradual increase in thickness with age till reaching its maximum size at adult stage. Purkinje cells at (E20) and (D7) were not arranged in a definite layer. It appeared as a single layer between the molecular and internal granular layer at D14, D21 and adult. The internal granular was consisted of scattered small granule cells at E20 and D7. At D14 the internal granular layer became well differentiated and distinguished from the white matter. Immunohistochemistry showed a negative reaction for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) at E11 and E16. The first positive reaction for GFAP appeared at E20 then gradually increased till adult group. Conclusion: The study concluded that the cerebellar cortex undergoes differentiation and maturation during late prenatal and early postnatal ages early postnatal ages till the third week of life, corresponding to nearly the seventh postnatal month in human. Therefore the development of the cerebellum is very critical and sensitive during these periods makes it susceptible to malformationPRENATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF THE CEREBELLAR CORTEX IN ALBINO RATS
Egyptian Journal of Anatomy (EJA): volume 41 (1), January 2018 ABSTRACT Background: Coarctation of the aorta accounts for 6·8% of congenital heart disease, with an incidence of one in 12 000 live births . Coarctation is a heterogeneous lesion with variability in the degree and site of obstruction. This anatomical variation has an embryological reflection. Up till now, there is no sufficient data regarding the effect of this anatomical component of coarctation of the aorta on the short and term-long prognosis after its treatment (surgical or percutaneous angioplasty). This relationship has to be clarified. Aim of the work: We aim to demonstrate the relationship between the anatomical features of the aortic arch in case of aortic coarctation and the prognosis on the short and long term after its surgical or percutaneous repair. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective study that continued prospectively till the end of the work. The children with aortic coarctation who were repaired surgically or percutaneously by catheter-based angioplasty or stenting in the period between 12/2014 and 06/2016 were enrolled. All the descriptive data about this coarctation was collected (echocardiography, CT scan, and/or MRI). An anatomical analysis of these data with their embryological background was done. We have then classified these patients according to their anatomical features of the aortic arch. Follow-up data on short and long-term post-treatment of each anatomical class was gathered. Statistical analysis of these data was held to find out the relationship between this anatomical variation and the follow-up results. Results Thirty cases were enrolled in this study. 15 cases were treated surgically. the other 15 cases were treated interventionally using a balloon or stent. The mean age ± SD was17±12.2 months, the mean systolic blood pressure ±SD pre-treatment was180 ±25 mmHg. 16 cases have hypoplastic aortic arch.13 cases have abnormal aortic arch anatomy (5 have a common trunk of innominate and left common carotid,2 cases have hypoplastic left displaced left subclavian artery, 3 cases have separate right common carotid trunk from the aortic arch, 3cases have a gothic arch with very close aortic arch branches. We found that all cases with hypoplastic aortic arch had recurrent coarctation 6-9m after management. Cases with abnormal arch anatomy had a worse prognosis regarding the persistence of hypertension. There was a negative correlation between the distance (left common carotid and left subclavian arteries) and the duration before coarctation. Conclusion: Arch anatomy may affect the clinical prognosis of coarctation. Abnormal arch anatomy has a worse prognosis. The less the distance between the left subclavian and left common carotid, the better the prognosis and less incidence of re-coarctation. The importance of anatomical characteristics of aortic arch in aortic coarctation for the prognosis after its treatment
International Immunopharmacology 2023; Volume 115: 109621 Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a global inflammatory bowel disease. Aime :This study aimed to assess the effects of icosapent ethyl on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats as well as the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods 36 male Wister rats were equally divided into Six groups: control, UC, mesalamine 100 mg/kg, icosapent 150mg/kg, icosapent 300 mg/kg, and EX527-icosapent 300 mg/kg groups. EXcept for control group, UC was induced by acetic acid instillation into colon. Drugs were administered once daily for one week then under thiopental anaesthesia, colons were excised. Colitis macroscopic and microscopic scores were assessed. A part of colon was homogenized for detection of malondialdehyde (MDA), inerleukin1 (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), superoxide dis-mutase (SOD), phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) and caspase 3 levels. Silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), hemeoxygenase 1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2 (Nrf2) mRNA expressions were detected. Mallory-stained colonic sections were examined for collagen fibres detection. Immunohistochemistry of NF-κB and p53 expressions in colonic sections were assessed. Results There acetic acid induced colitis increments in MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and caspase 3 levels while decreased SOD, pAkt, SIRT1, HO-1, and Nrf2 with increased collagen fibres as well as NF- κB and p53. Icosapent decreased macro& microscopic colitis scores, MDA, IL-1β, TNF-α, and caspase 3 levels while increased SOD, pAkt, SIRT1, HO-1, and Nrf2 with decreased collagen fibres as well as NF-κB and p53. The effects of icosapent 300 mg/kg were similar to mesalamine. Icosapent effects were antagonized by EX527. Conclusion Icosapent alleviated acetic acid-induced colitis via its anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, and anti-apoptotic effects mediated in part by SIRT1 pathway activationIcosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats

الابحاث العلمية

1 - Icosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats (2023).

2 - Icosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats (2023).

3 - Icosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acidinduced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats (2023).

4 - Icosapent ethyl alleviates acetic acidinduced ulcerative colitis via modulation of SIRT1 signaling pathway in rats (2023).

5 - SELENIUM COULD ALLEVIATE POTASSIUM DICHROMATE-INDUCED EPIDIDYMAL, PROSTATIC AND SEMINAL VESICLE CHANGES IN ADULT RATS: POTENTIAL ROLE OF INHIBITING NF-ΚB PATHWAY (2023).

6 - Histological And Immunohistochemical Study On The Possible Ameliorating Effects Of Antox On The Parotid Gland Of Rats With Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 (2022).

7 - Histological and Immunohistochemical Study on The Effect of Prenatal Administration of Diclofenac Sodium on Maternal and Neonatal Organs in albino rat دراسة نسيجية وهيستوكيميائية مناعية عن تأثير إعطاء ديكلوفيناك الصوديوم قبل الولادة على أعضاء الأم وصغارها حديثي الولادة في الجرذ الأبيض (2021).

8 - The Importance Of Anatomical Characteristics Of Aortic Arch In Aortic Coarctation For The Prognosis After Its Treatment. (2018).

9 - Effect of Formaldehyde on Rat Testis Structure (2017).

10 - "Effect of Diabetes on the Rat Renal Cortex and the Possible Protective Role of Vitamins C and E" (2017).

11 - Prenatal and Postnatal Developmental Changes of The Cerebellar Cortex in Albino Rats (2016).

12 - PRENATAL AND POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES OF THE RENAL CORTEX IN THE ALBINO RA (2016).

13 - Protective Effect of Salicylic Acid against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rats (2015).

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